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Expressing Negatives

By Verda McGraw, M. Ed.

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Expected Outcome: The person will use two-word phrases to express negatives.

Purpose: to encourage using 2-word phrases to express negatives and direct activities and to expand the person's length of utterances

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Target Vocabulary:

1.don't
2.eat
3.help
4.like
5.more
6.no
7.not
8.read
9.stop
10.that
11.want

Target Language Skill: Produce two word utterances to express negatives

Suggested Objectives:

1.The person will say the phrase "no more" to indicate that he/she does not want more of an item during an activity.
2. The person will say the phrase "don't help," "no help," or "not help" to indicate that he/ she does not want help.
3. The person will say the phrase "not that" and point (with fingers or by looking) to indicate he or she does not want the object or item.
6. The person will say the phrase "stop read," or "don't read" to indicate that he/she does not want to read or to continue reading.
8. The person will say the phrase "stop that" to request that someone stops an action.
9. The person will say the phrase "don't like," or "not like" to indicate his or her preference.
10. The person will say the phrase "not eat," or "don't eat" to express his or her preference about food. .

Teaching Activities:

A. Speaking

1. Model and prompt the words on the device. Encourage and demonstrate one quick motor pattern from one word to the next, so that the two words are spoken as close together as possible.
2. Repeat the word that the person speaks on the device, and then proceed to act it out.
3. Try different prompting methods. Consider hand over hand, verbal prompting, and/ or using a penlight or laser pointer to highlight the word.

B. Reading

1. When you have read a book, ask the person to indicate whether he or she wants to read more. Model the phrase "don't read" or "stop read". Also model the phrase "read more". Be sure to do what the person requests.
2. Ask the person to choose the next book. Model the phrases "read that" and "don't read". If the person says "don't read" put the book away.

C. Writing

Connect the device to a computer with a USB cable or Blue Tooth module. Let the person practice writing phrases in a word document. Model and prompt the negative phrases that the person is learning.

D. Generalization

1. Do art projects with various materials. Model the phrases "like that" and "don't like" Ask the person to make a choice of material by using either "like that' or "don't like". Put some un-favorite items out for choices (coffee grounds, dirt, -- but be careful, this might backfire!)
2. Have 2-3 different toy choices - e.g., bubbles, blocks, and cars. Model the phrases "do that" and "not that" (in conjunction with pointing/ eye pointing) to choose the activity. Once the activity has been chosen, use appropriate two word phrases within the activity. For bubbles or cars, for example, you can use "go more" to request more bubbles/ car movement. For blocks, you could use the phrase "need more" when he/ she runs out of blocks. Try doing things that sabotage the person's play, for example putting roadblocks in front of cars. Model the phrases "stop that," and "not that". Encourage the person to direct you by expressing negatives.
3. If the person continues to use one word phrases (e.g., "eat" instead of "want eat"), acknowledge that you understand them, model the two word phrase and ask them to repeat. If they still use one word, give them a choice between stopping and continuation (e.g., 'more eat' or 'don't eat')
4. During snack time, ask the person if you can have his or her snack. Reach for something the person is eating. If the person does not say "stop that" or "don't eat", then model the phrases on the device.

© 2009 Prentke Romich Company

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